John's Gospel1:1 "The Word was with [beside; pros] God"
1:2 "He was in the beginning with [beside; pros] God"
1:14 "...glory as of the Only One from beside [para] the Father"
6:46 "The Only One who is from beside [para tou theou] God, he has seen the Father"
7:29 "I am from beside [para] him, and he sent me"
8:38 "I speak the things that I have seen from beside [para] my Father."
8:40 "...a man who has told you the truth, which I heard from beside [para] God"
[9:16 "This man is not from [para] God."]
[9:33 "If this man were not from [para] God, he could do nothing."]15:15 "...all things that I have heard from beside [para] my Father I have made known to you"
16:27 "I came forth from beside [para] the Father [or God]"
16:28 "I came forth from beside [para] the Father, and have come into the world; I am leaving the world again, and going to the Father."
17:5 "And now, glorify me together with [para] yourself, Father, with the glory which I ever had beside [para] you before the world was."
17:8 "...they received [the words that you gave me], and truly understood that I came forth from beside [para] you, and they believed that you sent me."
John's Letters
1 John 1:2 "the eternal Life, which was with [beside; pros] the Father"
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Greek Prepositions
The two prepositions pros and para contain spatial meanings: to be at, near, beside, or from beside. The latter meaning has been added in some verses in the English translation (NASB), in order to convey the idea that Yeshua not only came "from" God, but also from a position of being near or next to him.
pros
- With accusative: toward. Def. III, 7: by, at, near, be in company with someone; John 1:1. BAGD 710-11.
- Root meaning: near, facing. With the accusative case: to, towards; beside; against; with, at. John 1:1: "the word was with God." Manual Grammar, 110.
- With accusative: to, towards; With, with the accusative of a person, after verbs of remaining, dwelling, tarrying, etc.: John 1:1; 1 John 1:2. Thayer, 542.
- With accusative (almost exclusively) Spatial: toward. Association: with, in company with. Wallace, 380.
para
- With genitive nearly always denotes a person, and indicates that something proceeds from this person: from (the side of). John 6:46; 7:29. With dative denotes nearness in space, at, by (the side of), beside, near, with. BAGD, 609, 610
- Root meaning: beside, by, along. Manual Grammar, 108
- With genitive: always with the gen. of a person, to denote that a thing proceeds from the side or the vacinity of one, or from one's sphere of power, or from one's wealth or store. Thayer, 476.
- With genitive the idea is from (the side of) (almost always with a personal object). With dative proximity or nearness. Wallace, 378
Translation:
New American Standard Bible (updated ed. 1995) (modified)Sources
BAGD Walter Bauer, William F. Arndt, F. Wilbur Gingrich, Frederick Danker. A Greek-English Lexicon of the New Testament and Other Early Christian Literature (2nd ed. Chicago: Univ. of Chicago Press, 1979).Manual Grammar H. E. Dana and Julius R. Mantey. A Manual Grammar of the Greek New Testament (New York: Macmillan Co., orig. 1927; 14th ed. 1957).
Thayer Joseph H. Thayer. Greek-English Lexicon of the New Testament (orig. 1889; reprint Grand Rapids: Zondervan, 1967).
Wallace Daniel B. Wallace. Greek Grammar Beyond the Basics (Grand Rapids: Zondervan, 1996).
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